During World War I, England was desperate to
buy supplies from the United States, and money ran low. The Laurentic was loaded with a secret consignment:
small plain 12x12x6 wooden boxes weighing 140 pounds each. These boxes were
stowed in a second-class passenger baggage room with tight security.
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The White Star's Laurentic was a miniature Titanic, one third in size. Because of its speed, it was refitted as an armed merchant cruiser during World War I. |
The Laurentic
left Liverpool on January 23, 1914. Rounding the northern coast of Ireland, it
struck a pair of mines laid by a German submarine. The ship sank within an hour
in bitter cold. Of the 479 souls on board, only 121 survived. Many others had
gotten into lifeboats but froze to death. Also lost was the secret cargo: 3,211
gold ingots, worth more than £5,000,000.
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An artist's impression of the sunken Laurentic. |
Britain had to get that gold back. Naval
Commander Guybon Damant, an experienced salvage diver, was given the job. His
task was dangerous with the possibility of encounters with submarines and
mines, the harsh northern weather, and a depth of 40 meters (43.7 yards).
Damant’s success didn’t come easily. Strong
currents and storms quickly destroyed the ship. From season to season, the
divers had to clear out their work areas that had been filled in with silt and
debris. The gold compartment had been quickly located during the first season,
but when the team returned after a storm, the upper decks had caved in. When
the baggage room was finally reached, they found holes in the floor. The heavy
gold had fallen through to the bottom of the ship. Most of the wooden boxes had
disintegrated and the ingots were loose.
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Luxurious with ornate, high-ceilinged public rooms, the Laurentic was popular on White Star's Liverpool to Montreal or Quebec City route. |
Success came slowly. 542 bars were
salvaged in 1917; 31 in 1919; only 7 in 1920, 43 in 1921; 895 in 1922; 1,255 in
1923, a banner year; 129 in 1924.
In seven salvage seasons over eight years
(none in 1918), Damant’s team recovered 3,186 bars of the original 3,211. The
total cost of the operation was £128,000, or 2.5% of the £5 million. The government
was thrilled. No deaths or serious injuries resulted despite the limits of
diving technology and the highly hazardous conditions.
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Divers prepare to search for the Laurentic's lost gold. |
In the intervening years, others searched
for the missing gold, and found five bars. Twenty bars remain unaccounted for.
Anyone interested in taking up diving?
It's interesting that it was possible to go diving that deep to get the gold back in early 1900s. I didn't think they had equipment for that back then. Very interesting article.
ReplyDeleteWow! That's so interesting!
ReplyDeleteGreat post! I wasn't aware of this. How long is a diving season? I can't imagine working for weeks or months and only retrieving 7 bars.
ReplyDelete